تحلیل اثر شکل لایه پیزوالکتریک بر رفتار مکانیکی تیر برداشت کننده انرژی تحت تحریک جریان گردابی

This paper investigates and considers the effect of different geometric shapes of the piezoelectric layer on the mechanical behavior of an energy-harvesting beam subjected to vortex-induced vibrations (VIV). This phenomenon occurs when a fluid flow passes over a rigid cylinder attached as a concentrated mass to the free end of a cantilever beam. The aerodynamic forces generated by the fluid–structure interaction are modeled using the wake oscillator Van der Pol equation, while the coupled differential equations of motion are derived based on Hamilton’s principle. These equations are then separated using the assumed modes method and finally solved numerically. A comparative analysis is conducted on the energy harvesting efficiency and dynamic behavior of the system for piezoelectric layers with rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular shapes. The results demonstrate that increasing the length of the piezoelectric layer significantly enhances the energy harvesting rate, broadens the lock-in region, and shifts it toward higher wind speeds.